commit 4a304f7b63e5efcd18c0d8e0230b9d9fd91b8cc3
parent 49bf45abc80d624e0f4e9f6be4d24b8e6e2d52a7
Author: cowmonk <cowmonk@based.pt>
Date: Sat, 19 Jul 2025 21:44:14 -0700
framebuffer driver and a working gdt
Diffstat:
9 files changed, 762 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)
diff --git a/kernel/drivers/video/framebuffer.c b/kernel/drivers/video/framebuffer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+#include <drivers/video/framebuffer.h>
+#include <klibc/string.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <limine_requests.h>
+#include <drivers/video/font8x16.h>
+
+static fb_console_t console;
+
+void fb_init(void)
+{
+ if (framebuffer_request.response == NULL ||
+ framebuffer_request.response->framebuffer_count < 1) {
+ return;
+ }
+
+ console.fb = framebuffer_request.response->framebuffers[0];
+ console.fg_color = 0xFFFFFF; // White
+ console.bg_color = 0x000000; // Black
+ console.cursor_x = 0;
+ console.cursor_y = 0;
+ console.cols = console.fb->width / FB_CHAR_WIDTH;
+ console.rows = console.fb->height / FB_CHAR_HEIGHT;
+
+ fb_clear();
+}
+
+void fb_clear(void)
+{
+ if (!console.fb) return;
+
+ uint32_t *fb = (uint32_t *)console.fb->address;
+ size_t pixels = (console.fb->pitch / 4) * console.fb->height;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < pixels; i++) {
+ fb[i] = console.bg_color;
+ }
+
+ console.cursor_x = 0;
+ console.cursor_y = 0;
+}
+
+void fb_draw_rect(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t w, uint32_t h, uint32_t color)
+{
+ if (!console.fb) return;
+
+ uint32_t *fb = (uint32_t *)console.fb->address;
+ uint32_t pitch_pixels = console.fb->pitch / 4;
+
+ for (uint32_t row = y; row < y + h && row < console.fb->height; row++) {
+ for (uint32_t col = x; col < x + w && col < console.fb->width; col++) {
+ fb[row * pitch_pixels + col] = color;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void fb_set_color(uint32_t fg, uint32_t bg)
+{
+ console.fg_color = fg;
+ console.bg_color = bg;
+}
+
+static void draw_char(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, char c, uint32_t fg_color, uint32_t bg_color)
+{
+ if (!console.fb) return;
+
+ uint32_t *fb = (uint32_t *)console.fb->address;
+ uint32_t pitch_pixels = console.fb->pitch / 4;
+
+ // Get the font data for this character
+ const uint8_t *char_data = &IBM_VGA_8x16[c * 16];
+
+ // Draw each row of the character
+ for (uint32_t row = 0; row < FB_CHAR_HEIGHT; row++) {
+ uint8_t font_row = char_data[row];
+
+ // Draw each pixel in the row
+ for (uint32_t col = 0; col < FB_CHAR_WIDTH; col++) {
+ uint32_t px = x + col;
+ uint32_t py = y + row;
+
+ // Check bounds
+ if (px >= console.fb->width || py >= console.fb->height) continue;
+
+ // Check if this pixel should be set (bit test)
+ if (font_row & (0x80 >> col)) {
+ fb[py * pitch_pixels + px] = fg_color;
+ } else {
+ fb[py * pitch_pixels + px] = bg_color;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+static void scroll_up(void)
+{
+ if (!console.fb) return;
+
+ uint32_t *fb = (uint32_t *)console.fb->address;
+ uint32_t pitch_pixels = console.fb->pitch / 4;
+
+ // Move all lines up by one character height
+ for (uint32_t y = 0; y < console.fb->height - FB_CHAR_HEIGHT; y++) {
+ for (uint32_t x = 0; x < console.fb->width; x++) {
+ fb[y * pitch_pixels + x] = fb[(y + FB_CHAR_HEIGHT) * pitch_pixels + x];
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Clear the last line
+ for (uint32_t y = console.fb->height - FB_CHAR_HEIGHT; y < console.fb->height; y++) {
+ for (uint32_t x = 0; x < console.fb->width; x++) {
+ fb[y * pitch_pixels + x] = console.bg_color;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void fb_putchar(char c)
+{
+ if (!console.fb) return;
+
+ // Handle special characters
+ switch (c) {
+ case '\n':
+ console.cursor_x = 0;
+ console.cursor_y++;
+ break;
+ case '\r':
+ console.cursor_x = 0;
+ break;
+ case '\t':
+ console.cursor_x = (console.cursor_x + 8) & ~7;
+ break;
+ case '\b':
+ if (console.cursor_x > 0) {
+ console.cursor_x--;
+ draw_char(console.cursor_x * FB_CHAR_WIDTH,
+ console.cursor_y * FB_CHAR_HEIGHT,
+ ' ', console.fg_color, console.bg_color);
+ }
+ break;
+ default:
+ // Draw the character
+ draw_char(console.cursor_x * FB_CHAR_WIDTH,
+ console.cursor_y * FB_CHAR_HEIGHT,
+ c, console.fg_color, console.bg_color);
+ console.cursor_x++;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ // Handle line wrapping
+ if (console.cursor_x >= console.cols) {
+ console.cursor_x = 0;
+ console.cursor_y++;
+ }
+
+ // Handle scrolling
+ if (console.cursor_y >= console.rows) {
+ scroll_up();
+ console.cursor_y = console.rows - 1;
+ }
+}
+
+void fb_puts(const char *str)
+{
+ while (*str) {
+ fb_putchar(*str++);
+ }
+}
+
+static void print_number(unsigned long num, int base, int width, char pad)
+{
+ char digits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+ char buffer[32];
+ int pos = 0;
+
+ // Convert number to string (reversed)
+ if (num == 0) {
+ buffer[pos++] = '0';
+ } else {
+ while (num > 0) {
+ buffer[pos++] = digits[num % base];
+ num /= base;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Add padding if needed
+ while (pos < width) {
+ buffer[pos++] = pad;
+ }
+
+ // Print reversed
+ while (pos > 0) {
+ fb_putchar(buffer[--pos]);
+ }
+}
+
+static void print_signed(long num, int width, char pad)
+{
+ if (num < 0) {
+ fb_putchar('-');
+ print_number(-num, 10, width, pad);
+ } else {
+ print_number(num, 10, width, pad);
+ }
+}
+
+void fb_printf(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+ va_list args;
+ va_start(args, fmt);
+
+ while (*fmt) {
+ if (*fmt == '%') {
+ fmt++;
+
+ // Handle width and padding
+ char pad = ' ';
+ int width = 0;
+
+ if (*fmt == '0') {
+ pad = '0';
+ fmt++;
+ }
+
+ while (*fmt >= '0' && *fmt <= '9') {
+ width = width * 10 + (*fmt - '0');
+ fmt++;
+ }
+
+ // Handle format specifiers
+ switch (*fmt) {
+ case 'd':
+ case 'i':
+ print_signed(va_arg(args, int), width, pad);
+ break;
+
+ case 'u':
+ print_number(va_arg(args, unsigned int), 10, width, pad);
+ break;
+
+ case 'x':
+ print_number(va_arg(args, unsigned int), 16, width, pad);
+ break;
+
+ case 'X':
+ print_number(va_arg(args, unsigned int), 16, width, pad);
+ break;
+
+ case 'p':
+ fb_puts("0x");
+ print_number((unsigned long)va_arg(args, void*), 16, 16, '0');
+ break;
+
+ case 'c':
+ fb_putchar(va_arg(args, int));
+ break;
+
+ case 's':
+ {
+ const char *str = va_arg(args, const char*);
+ if (str) {
+ fb_puts(str);
+ } else {
+ fb_puts("(null)");
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+
+ case '%':
+ fb_putchar('%');
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ fb_putchar('%');
+ fb_putchar(*fmt);
+ break;
+ }
+ } else {
+ fb_putchar(*fmt);
+ }
+ fmt++;
+ }
+
+ va_end(args);
+}
diff --git a/kernel/include/bootloader.h b/kernel/include/bootloader.h
@@ -3,19 +3,7 @@
#include "limine.h"
-__attribute__((used, section(".limine_requests")))
-static volatile LIMINE_BASE_REVISION(3);
-
-__attribute__((used, section(".limine_requests")))
-static volatile struct limine_framebuffer_request framebuffer_request = {
- .id = LIMINE_FRAMEBUFFER_REQUEST,
- .revision = 0
-};
-
-__attribute__((used, section(".limine_requests_start")))
-static volatile LIMINE_REQUESTS_START_MARKER
-
-__attribute__((used, section(".limine_requests_end")))
-static volatile LIMINE_REQUESTS_END_MARKER;
+#define DEFINE_LIMINE_REQUESTS
+#include "limine_requests.h"
#endif /* BOOTLOADER_H */
diff --git a/kernel/include/drivers/video/font8x16.h b/kernel/include/drivers/video/font8x16.h
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+/*
+ * file './font-bin/IBM_VGA_8x16.bin', filesize 4096bytes, linewidth=16bytes
+ * array created from bin-file by bin2header
+ * bin2header (c) 2013 Nils Stec, <nils.stec@gmail.com>
+ *
+ */
+
+uint8_t IBM_VGA_8x16[4096] = {
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x81, 0xa5, 0x81, 0x81, 0xbd, 0x99, 0x81, 0x81, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0xff, 0xdb, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc3, 0xe7, 0xff, 0xff, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6c, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0x7c, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x38, 0x7c, 0xfe, 0x7c, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0xe7, 0xe7, 0xe7, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x7e, 0xff, 0xff, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xe7, 0xc3, 0xc3, 0xe7, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x66, 0x42, 0x42, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xc3, 0x99, 0xbd, 0xbd, 0x99, 0xc3, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1e, 0x0e, 0x1a, 0x32, 0x78, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x33, 0x3f, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x70, 0xf0, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0x63, 0x7f, 0x63, 0x63, 0x63, 0x63, 0x67, 0xe7, 0xe6, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0xdb, 0x3c, 0xe7, 0x3c, 0xdb, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x80, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xf0, 0xf8, 0xfe, 0xf8, 0xf0, 0xe0, 0xc0, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x02, 0x06, 0x0e, 0x1e, 0x3e, 0xfe, 0x3e, 0x1e, 0x0e, 0x06, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7e, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7f, 0xdb, 0xdb, 0xdb, 0x7b, 0x1b, 0x1b, 0x1b, 0x1b, 0x1b, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0x60, 0x38, 0x6c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x6c, 0x38, 0x0c, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7e, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7e, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x0c, 0xfe, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x30, 0x60, 0xfe, 0x60, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x28, 0x6c, 0xfe, 0x6c, 0x28, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x38, 0x38, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x38, 0x38, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x24, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0xfe, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0xfe, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc2, 0xc0, 0x7c, 0x06, 0x06, 0x86, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc2, 0xc6, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xc6, 0x86, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x38, 0x76, 0xdc, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0x76, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x3c, 0xff, 0x3c, 0x66, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xc0, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xd6, 0xd6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x6c, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x38, 0x78, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xc0, 0xc6, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0x06, 0x06, 0x3c, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x1c, 0x3c, 0x6c, 0xcc, 0xfe, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x1e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xfc, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x60, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xfc, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0x06, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x7e, 0x06, 0x06, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0c, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0c, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xde, 0xde, 0xde, 0xdc, 0xc0, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x38, 0x6c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x7c, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0xfc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x3c, 0x66, 0xc2, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc2, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x6c, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x6c, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
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+ 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0xf6, 0x06, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xf8, 0x18, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xff, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x37, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36,
+ 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x37, 0x30, 0x3f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x30, 0x37, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36,
+ 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0xf7, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0xf7, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36,
+ 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x37, 0x30, 0x37, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0xf7, 0x00, 0xf7, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xff, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0xff, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36,
+ 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x3f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3f, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36,
+ 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0xff, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36, 0x36,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xff, 0x18, 0xff, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
+ 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0, 0xf0,
+ 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f, 0x0f,
+ 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76, 0xdc, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0xdc, 0x76, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x78, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xcc, 0xd8, 0xcc, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xcc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0xc6, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0x70, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x7c, 0x60, 0x60, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76, 0xdc, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x3c, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x18, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x6c, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x6c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0xee, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1e, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0c, 0x3e, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x66, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7e, 0xdb, 0xdb, 0xdb, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x06, 0x7e, 0xdb, 0xdb, 0xf3, 0x7e, 0x60, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x30, 0x60, 0x60, 0x7c, 0x60, 0x60, 0x60, 0x30, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x7e, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0c, 0x06, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0c, 0x18, 0x30, 0x60, 0x30, 0x18, 0x0c, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x0e, 0x1b, 0x1b, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18,
+ 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0x18, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0xd8, 0x70, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x7e, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x76, 0xdc, 0x00, 0x76, 0xdc, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x38, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x0f, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0x0c, 0xec, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x3c, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0xd8, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x70, 0xd8, 0x30, 0x60, 0xc8, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x7c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
+};
diff --git a/kernel/include/drivers/video/framebuffer.h b/kernel/include/drivers/video/framebuffer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#ifndef FRAMEBUFFER_H
+#define FRAMEBUFFER_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <limine.h>
+
+#define FB_CHAR_WIDTH 8
+#define FB_CHAR_HEIGHT 16
+
+typedef struct {
+ uint32_t fg_color;
+ uint32_t bg_color;
+ uint32_t cursor_x;
+ uint32_t cursor_y;
+ uint32_t cols;
+ uint32_t rows;
+ struct limine_framebuffer *fb;
+} fb_console_t;
+
+void fb_init(void);
+void fb_putchar(char c);
+void fb_puts(const char *str);
+void fb_clear(void);
+void fb_set_color(uint32_t fg, uint32_t bg);
+void fb_printf(const char *fmt, ...);
+void fb_draw_rect(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t w, uint32_t h, uint32_t color);
+
+#endif /* FRAMEBUFFER_H */+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/kernel/include/gdt.h b/kernel/include/gdt.h
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@
#define GDT_H
typedef struct GDTEntry {
- uint16_t limit;
+ uint16_t limit_low;
uint16_t base_low;
- uint16_t base_mid;
- uint8_t base_high;
+ uint8_t base_mid;
uint8_t access;
- uint8_t granularity;
+ uint8_t limit_high_and_flags;
+ uint8_t base_high;
} __attribute__((packed)) GDTEntry;
typedef struct GDTPtr {
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ typedef struct GDTPtr {
uint64_t base;
} __attribute__((packed)) GDTPtr;
-#define GDT_NUM_ENTRIES 5 /* including null descriptor */
+#define GDT_NUM_ENTRIES 5 // Incl. null descriptor
#define GDT_KERNEL_CODE 0x08
#define GDT_KERNEL_DATA 0x10
#define GDT_USER_CODE 0x18
diff --git a/kernel/include/limine_requests.h b/kernel/include/limine_requests.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#ifndef LIMINE_REQUESTS_H
+#define LIMINE_REQUESTS_H
+
+#include "limine.h"
+
+// Only define once to avoid duplicates (result: kernel panic)
+#ifdef DEFINE_LIMINE_REQUESTS
+
+__attribute__((used, section(".limine_requests")))
+volatile LIMINE_BASE_REVISION(3);
+
+__attribute__((used, section(".limine_requests")))
+volatile struct limine_framebuffer_request framebuffer_request = {
+ .id = LIMINE_FRAMEBUFFER_REQUEST,
+ .revision = 0
+};
+
+__attribute__((used, section(".limine_requests_start")))
+volatile LIMINE_REQUESTS_START_MARKER
+
+__attribute__((used, section(".limine_requests_end")))
+volatile LIMINE_REQUESTS_END_MARKER;
+
+#else
+
+// External declaration for other files
+extern volatile struct limine_framebuffer_request framebuffer_request;
+
+#endif
+
+#endif // LIMINE_REQUESTS_H
diff --git a/kernel/init/kernel.c b/kernel/init/kernel.c
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
#include <gdt.h>
#include <klibc/string.h>
-#include <drivers/video/vga.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <bootloader.h>
+#include <drivers/video/framebuffer.h>
static void
hcf(void)
@@ -18,9 +18,13 @@ kernel_main(void)
/* Make sure the bootloader understands our base revision */
if (LIMINE_BASE_REVISION_SUPPORTED == 0) hcf();
- vga_set_mode_13h();
-
- /* initGDT(); */
+ /* Initialize framebuffer console */
+ fb_init();
+
+ /* Test print */
+ fb_puts("Hello World\n");
+
+ initGDT();
/* done so now hang */
hcf();
diff --git a/kernel/mm/paging.stub b/kernel/mm/paging.stub
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <limine.h>
+
+#define PAGE_PRESENT (1ULL << 0)
+#define PAGE_WRITABLE (1ULL << 1)
+#define PAGE_USER (1ULL << 2)
+#define PAGE_SIZE_2MB (1ULL << 7)
+#define PAGE_SIZE 4096
+
+// Get hhdm offset
+extern volatile struct limine_hhdm_request hhdm_request;
+extern volatile struct limine_kernel_address_request kernel_address_request;
+
+// Static storage for page tables
+static uint64_t pdpt[512] __attribute__((aligned(4096)));
+static uint64_t pd[512] __attribute__((aligned(4096)));
+
+// Get current cr3 value (PML address)
+static uint64_t get_cr3(void)
+{
+ uint64_t cr3;
+ __asm__ volatile("mov %%cr3, %0" : "=r"(cr3));
+ return cr3;
+}
+
+// Set cr3 to flush TLB
+static void set_cr3(uint64_t cr3)
+{
+ __asm__ volatile("mov %0, %%cr3" : : "r"(cr3) : "memory");
+}
+
+// Convert physical address to virt address using hhdm
+static inline void *phys_to_virt(uint64_t phys)
+{
+ if (hhdm_request.response == NULL) {
+ // Fallback if hhdm is not available
+ return (void *)(phys + 0xffff800000000000ULL);
+ }
+ return (void *)(phys + hhdm_request.response->offset);
+}
+
+// Convert virt address to physical address
+static inline uint64_t virt_to_phys(void *virt)
+{
+ uint64_t addr = (uint64_t)virt;
+
+ // Check if this is a kernel address
+ if (kernel_address_request.response != NULL) {
+ uint64_t kernel_virt_base = kernel_address_request.response->virtual_base;
+ uint64_t kernel_phys_base = kernel_address_request.response->physical_base;
+
+ // If address is in kernel space, convert using kernel base
+ if (addr >= kernel_virt_base && addr < kernel_virt_base + 0x200000) {
+ return kernel_phys_base + (addr - kernel_virt_base);
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Otherwise, in hhdm range
+ if (hhdm_request.response == NULL) {
+ // Fallback to default if hhdm not avail
+ return (addr - 0xffff800000000000ULL);
+ }
+ return (addr - hhdm_request.response->offset);
+}
+
+void map_vga_memory(void)
+{
+ // Get current PML4 from cr3
+ uint64_t cr3 = get_cr3();
+ uint64_t *pml4 = (uint64_t *)phys_to_virt(cr3 & ~0xFFF);
+
+ // VGA memory starts at 0xA0000 (640KB)
+ // Map entire lower 1MB region for simplcity
+
+ /* For address 0xA0000:
+ * PML4 index = 0 (bits 47-39)
+ * PDPT index = 0 (bits 38-30)
+ * PD index = 0 (bits 29-21)
+ * PT index = 160 (0xA0) (bits 20-12)
+ */
+
+ // Check if PML4[0] is present
+ if (!(pml4[0] & PAGE_PRESENT)) {
+ // Clear PDPT
+ for (int i = 0; i < 512; i++) {
+ pdpt[i] = 0;
+ }
+ // Install PDPT (use physical address)
+ pml4[0] = virt_to_phys(pdpt) | PAGE_PRESENT | PAGE_WRITABLE | PAGE_USER;
+ }
+
+ // Get PDPT (convert physical address from entry to virt for access)
+ uint64_t *pdpt_ptr = (uint64_t *)phys_to_virt(pml4[0] & ~0xFFF);
+
+ // Check if PDPT[0] is present
+ if (!(pdpt_ptr[0] & PAGE_PRESENT)) {
+ // Clear pd
+ for (int i = 0; i < 512; i++) {
+ pd[i] = 0;
+ }
+ // Install pd (use physical address)
+ pdpt_ptr[0] = virt_to_phys(pd) | PAGE_PRESENT | PAGE_WRITABLE | PAGE_USER;
+ }
+
+ // Get pd (convert physical address from entry to virt for access)
+ uint64_t *pd_ptr = (uint64_t *)phys_to_virt(pdpt_ptr[0] & ~0xFFF);
+
+ // Check if we can use 2MB pages
+ if (!(pd_ptr[0] & PAGE_PRESENT)) {
+ // Map the first 2MB as a large page (0x0 - 0x200000)
+ // This include VGA memory at 0xA0000-0xBFFFF
+ pd_ptr[0] = 0x0 | PAGE_PRESENT | PAGE_WRITABLE | PAGE_USER | PAGE_SIZE_2MB;
+ }
+
+ // Flush TLB
+ set_cr3(cr3);
+
+}
diff --git a/kernel/x86/gdt.c b/kernel/x86/gdt.c
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ void
gdt_reload()
{
asm volatile("lgdt %0\n\t"
- "push $0x28\n\t"
- "lea 1f(%%rip), %%rax\n\t"
- "push %%rax\n\t"
+ "push $0x08\n\t"
+ "lea 1f(%%rip), %%rax\n\t"
+ "push %%rax\n\t"
"lretq\n\t"
"1:\n\t"
- "mov $0x30, %%eax\n\t"
+ "mov $0x10, %%eax\n\t"
"mov %%eax, %%ds\n\t"
"mov %%eax, %%es\n\t"
"mov %%eax, %%fs\n\t"
@@ -26,44 +26,44 @@ gdt_reload()
void
initGDT()
{
- /* null descriptor (0) */
- descriptors[0].limit = 0;
+ // null descriptor (0)
+ descriptors[0].limit_low = 0;
descriptors[0].base_low = 0;
descriptors[0].base_mid = 0;
descriptors[0].access = 0;
- descriptors[0].granularity = 0;
+ descriptors[0].limit_high_and_flags = 0;
descriptors[0].base_high = 0;
- /* kernel code 64 (40) */
- descriptors[1].limit = 0;
+ // kernel code 64 (40)
+ descriptors[1].limit_low = 0;
descriptors[1].base_low = 0;
descriptors[1].base_mid = 0;
descriptors[1].access = 0b10011010;
- descriptors[1].granularity = 0b00100000;
+ descriptors[1].limit_high_and_flags = 0b00101000;
descriptors[1].base_high = 0;
- /* kernel data 64 (48) */
- descriptors[2].limit = 0;
+ // kernel data 64 (48)
+ descriptors[2].limit_low = 0;
descriptors[2].base_low = 0;
descriptors[2].base_mid = 0;
descriptors[2].access = 0b10010010;
- descriptors[2].granularity = 0;
+ descriptors[2].limit_high_and_flags = 0;
descriptors[2].base_high = 0;
// user code 64 (72)
- descriptors[3].limit = 0;
+ descriptors[3].limit_low = 0;
descriptors[3].base_low = 0;
descriptors[3].base_mid = 0;
descriptors[3].access = 0b11111010;
- descriptors[3].granularity = 0b00100000;
+ descriptors[3].limit_high_and_flags = 0b00101000;
descriptors[3].base_high = 0;
// user data 64. (80)
- descriptors[4].limit = 0;
+ descriptors[4].limit_low = 0;
descriptors[4].base_low = 0;
descriptors[4].base_mid = 0;
descriptors[4].access = 0b11110010;
- descriptors[4].granularity = 0;
+ descriptors[4].limit_high_and_flags = 0;
descriptors[4].base_high = 0;
gdtptr.limit = sizeof(descriptors) - 1;
